Most modern personal computers do not use this and, if they do, probably only use it to find the seed value for PRNGs. From checking ambient conditions such as temperature and pressure, to phenomenon a more nuanced and bit more subject to conditions atomic/quantum, such as what state a multistable circuit with feedback settles in. That said, the invention of true random number generator (TRNG) hardware circuitry (typically analog) does exist, and are approached in different ways. They arent truly random because computers are deterministic machines (state machines) no predetermined algorithm can be programmed to generate truly random numbers from a known prior state. Properly, these are pseudorandom number generators (PRNG), because they arent truly random. ![]() One of the more modern generators (not the most modern), and which is considered cryptographically secure (in the sense of how unpredictable it is), is known as the Mersenne Twister. Some computers have a linear feedback shift register (LFSR) built into the circuitry for random number generation, but its not very advanced. One of the earliest and weakest is known as the Middle Square method - easy to implement in programming and suitable for many low level tasks. ![]() ![]() One page is devoted to just listing the various types of random number generators used throughout history. The wikipedia has a lot of great pages devoted to random number generation (RNG).
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